Labour contract

The individual contract of employment is made between an employer (natural person or entity with legal subjectivity) and a worker (necessarily an individual) for the establishment of an employment relationship.

The typical cause of the employment contract is the exchange between work (intellectual or manual) provided in a subordinate position and pay. Obligations arising from the contract, therefore, two mirror-image: that of the employer to pay remuneration due, and that the employee to perform his work "employed and under the direction" of the employer (art. 2094 cc).

The doctrine that prevails today connects to the cause of the contract the obligation of the employer to provide a safe working environment. The requirement for security, although required by law (art. 2087 cc; Leg. 81/08), is now configured as a clear contractual obligation on the part placed on the employer.

Collective Agreement

Legal instrument through which trade unions and employers provide, in a uniform way, the minimum pay and conditions for each category. The collective agreement applies to all individual contracts of employment, or who have already made will be in term of the contract sum.

CCNL

Abbreviation for National Collective Labour Contracts: agreements between unions and employers' associations, updated periodically, which lay down the conditions, economic and organizational, in which the work takes place in a given field.

The National Council of Economics and Labour (CNEL) is the constitutional body consulting the Parliament and the Government. CNEL contributes to economic and social development of the laws according to the principles and within the limits prescribed by law and, among others, the task of managing the National Archive of collective bargaining agreements set up by Law No 30 December 1986 936. The archive is available on the portal of the CNEL.

Sources: Cliclavoro - Glossary; CNEL - National Archives of the collective work contracts;  Wikipedia - WorK contract.